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Deceleration leaning
During periods of light engine load and high RPM such as during coasting or hard…
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Closed-loop control
Perhaps the most important adjustment to the fuel injector pulse duration comes when the control…
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Open-loop control
For a warmed-up engine, the controller will operate in an open loop if the closed-loop…
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Engine warm-up
While the engine is warming up, an enriched air/fuel ratio is still needed to keep…
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Engine crank
While the engine is being cranked, the fuel control system must provide an intake air/fuel…
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Control modes for fuel control
The engine control system is responsible for controlling fuel and ignition for all possible engine…
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Digital engine control features
The primary purpose of the electronic engine control system is to regulate the mixture (i.e.,…
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Digital engine control
A typical engine control system incorporates a microprocessor and is essentially a special-purpose computer (or…
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Digital engine control systems
Traditionally, the term powertrain has been thought to include the engine, transmission, differential, and drive…
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Compression-ratio
In an engine cylinder, the gas molecules are moving about at considerable speed in the…